Classification of Power and Lighting Distribution Boxes

Power and lighting distribution boxes are classified based on structure, purpose, installation level, and material, including main distribution boards, sub-distribution boards, and lighting distribution boxes.

Structural and Purpose-

Based Classification

Distribution boxes can be divided into power distribution boxes and lighting distribution boxes, which serve as the final equipment in a distribution system. They are low-voltage devices that assemble switchgear, protective devices, measuring instruments, and auxiliary equipment into enclosed or semi-enclosed cabinets ( ). Types based on structural characteristics: Fixed Panel Switchgear: Open-type switchgear with panel shielding, offering low protection, suitable for industrial or mining enterprises with low continuity requirements ( ).

Protective (Enclosed) Switchgear: Fully enclosed cabinets with switches, protections, and monitoring controls, providing isolation and safety for each circuit. Often includes mechanical interlocks and protective platforms for control and measurement ( ).

Drawer-

Style Switchgear: Components are installed in withdrawable drawers, forming functional units separated from busbars or cables, with isolation measures between units ( ). Hierarchical Classification by Power Supply SystemDistribution boxes are also classified according to their position in the power supply hierarchy ( ): Primary Power Distribution Equipment: Known as power distribution centers, installed near step-down transformers, with high output capacity and electrical parameter requirements. Secondary Power Distribution Equipment: Includes power distribution cabinets and motor control centers, used for scattered or concentrated loads, providing protection, monitoring, and control.

Final Power Distribution Equipment: Typically called lighting distribution boxes, small-capacity units located far from the power supply center, distributing electricity to lighting and small loads.

Material and Installation-

Based Classification

Metal Distribution Boxes: Made of steel or aluminum, used in industrial and commercial applications for mechanical strength and durability ( ). Plastic Distribution Boxes: Made of PVC or polycarbonate, lightweight and corrosion-resistant, suitable for lighter electrical demands ( ). Indoor vs.

Outdoor Boxes: Indoor boxes are used in protected environments like homes or offices, while outdoor boxes are designed for exposure to rain, dust, and temperature variations, requiring higher IP protection ( ).

Functional Classification

Main Distribution Board (MDB): Central hub distributing electricity to various sections, equipped with busbars, MCCBs, and support equipment ( ).

Sub-

Distribution Board (SDB): Transfers electricity to specific locations such as garages, parking lots, or building sections, allowing easier control of multiple circuits ( ). Meter Panels: Track electricity usage in residential or industrial areas, containing primary switches, fuses, circuits, and RCDs for safety ( ). Control Boxes: Specialized boxes for controlling electrical equipment, including switches, controllers, and monitoring tools ( ).

This classification ensures that distribution boxes are selected and installed according to load requirements, safety standards, environmental conditions, and functional needs, providing efficient and reliable power distribution.